Pasado Perfecto (Past Perfect Tense)
El Pasado Perfecto es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para referirnos a una acción que tuvo lugar en un momento anterior a otra acción (es el pasado del pasado), aunque ambas hayan sucedido en el pasado estableciendo un orden entre ellas, por ejemplo:
The film had finished when she arrived at the cinema.
La película había terminado cuando ella llegó al cine.
(Primera acción: la película había terminado Segunda acción: ella llegó al cine)
La película había terminado cuando ella llegó al cine.
(Primera acción: la película había terminado Segunda acción: ella llegó al cine)
Sarah had prepared dinner when her husband got home.
Sarah había preparado la cena cuando su esposo llegó a casa.
(Primera acción: Sarah había preparado la cena Segunda acción: su esposo llegó a casa)
Sarah había preparado la cena cuando su esposo llegó a casa.
(Primera acción: Sarah había preparado la cena Segunda acción: su esposo llegó a casa)
La estructura para formar la AFIRMATIVA del Pasado Perfecto se constituye utilizando como auxiliar el verbo "TO HAVE" en Pasado Simple "HAD"y acompañado por el verbo principal en su Pasado Participio (3ª columna):
SUJETO + HAD + VERBO PAST PARTICIPLE (3º COLUMNA) + COMPLEMENTO.
| I had bought a new car. | Yo había comprado un nuevo auto. |
| You had cleaned the house. | Tú habías limpiado la casa. |
| He had brought the gifts. | Él había traído los regalos. |
| She had lost the credit card. | Ella había perdido la tarjeta de crédito. |
La estructura para formar la INTERROGATIVA se constituye colocando el auxiliar al comienzo de la oración, luego el sujeto y posteriormente el verbo principal también en Pasado Participio:
HAD + SUJETO + VERBO PAST PARTICIPLE (3º COLUMNA) + COMPLEMENTO?
| Had I bought a new car? | Había comprado yo un nuevo auto? |
| Had you cleaned the house? | Habías limpiado tú la casa? |
| Had he brought the gifts? | Había traído él los regalos? |
| Had she lost the credit card? | Había perdido ella la tarjeta de crédito? |
La estructura para formar la NEGATIVA se construye poniendo la negación NOT entre el auxiliar y el verbo principal, por ejemplo:
SUJETO + HAD + NOT + VERBO PAST PARTICIPLE (3º COLUMNA) + COMPLEMENTO.
| I had not bought a new dress. | Yo no había comprado un nuevo vestido. |
| You had not cleaned the house. | Tú no habías limpiado la casa. |
| He had not brought the gifts. | Él no había traído los regalos. |
| She had not lost the credit card. | Ella no había perdido la tarjeta de crédito. |
También puede utilizarse la forma contraída de la negación colocando HADN’T en vez de HAD NOT.
Después de esta explicación magistral aquí os dejo estos ejercicios para que los resolváis y me pongáis las soluciones como respuesta. También debéis ponerlas en negativa e interrogativa.
1. Astronauts (fly) …………… through space for hours.
2. The boys (steal) …………… the bicycles.
3. They (have) …………… a long and uncomfortable trip.
4. The beggar (find) …………… five bottles of beer.
5. He (show) …………… me the content of the parcel.
6. My sister Ann (begin) …………… her diet a week ago.
7. She (think) …………… a good idea.
8. The postman (deliver) …………… my letter.
9. He (retire) …………… from political life.
10. Alice (leave) …………… her bag on a chair.
11. She (buy) …………… a new pair of red shoes.
12. We (have) …………… lunch in a restaurant.
13. He (drink) …………… whisky before dinner.
14. My sister (lose) …………… U$S 50 in the street.
15. The children (kick) …………… a ball very hard.
16. My mother (receive) …………… a letter from Canada.
17. My father (give) …………… me some money.
18. Jenny (finish) …………… her job at the office.
19. They (enjoy) …………… Roy’s party.
20. Pupils (learn) …………… the English lesson.
Buenas tardes a tod@os!!!!!!!! Aquí debéis poner las frases completas con el verbo en su forma correcta. También podéis corregir los fallos de los compañeros.
ResponderEliminarÁnimo!!!!!!!!!!! We can!!!!!
AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES:
ResponderEliminar1. Astronauts HAD FLOWN through space for hours.
2. The boys HAD STOLEN the bicycles.
3. They HAD HAD a long and uncomfortable trip.
4. The beggar HAD FOUND five bottles of beer.
5. He HAD SHOWN me the content of the parcel.
6. My sister Ann HAD BEGUN her diet a week ago.
7. She HAD THOUGHT a good idea.
8. The postman HAD DELIVERED my letter.
9. He HAD RETIRED from political life.
10. Alice HAD LEFT her bag on a chair.
11. She HAD BOUGHT a new pair of red shoes.
12. We HAD HAD lunch in a restaurant.
13. He HAD DRUNK whisky before dinner.
14. My sister HAD LOST U$S 50 in the street.
15. The children HAD KICKED a ball very hard.
16. My mother HAD RECEIVED a letter from Canada.
17. My father HAD GIVEN me some money.
18. Jenny HAD FINISHED her job at the office.
19. They HAD ENJOYED Roy’s party.
20. Pupils HAD LEARNED the English lesson.
NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
1. Astronauts HADN'T FLOWN through space for hours.
2. The boys HADN'T STOLEN the bicycles.
3. They HADN'T HAD a long and uncomfortable trip.
4. The beggar HADN'T FOUND five bottles of beer.
5. He HADN'T SHOWN me the content of the parcel.
6. My sister Ann HADN'T BEGUN her diet a week ago.
7. She HADN'T THOUGHT a good idea.
8. The postman HADN'T DELIVERED my letter.
9. He HADN'T RETIRED from political life.
10. Alice HADN'T LEFT her bag on a chair.
11. She HADN'T BOUGHT a new pair of red shoes.
12. We HADN'T HAD lunch in a restaurant.
13. He HADN'T DRUNK whisky before dinner.
14. My sister HADN'T LOST U$S 50 in the street.
15. The children HADN'T KICKED a ball very hard.
16. My mother HADN'T RECEIVED a letter from Canada.
17. My father HADN'T GIVEN me some money.
18. Jenny HADN'T FINISHED her job at the office.
19. They HADN'T ENJOYED Roy’s party.
20. Pupils HADN'T LEARNED the English lesson.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
1. HAD astronauts FLOWN through space for hours?
2. HAD the boys STOLEN the bicycles?
3. HAD they HAD a long and uncomfortable trip?
4. HAD the beggar FOUND five bottles of beer?
5. HAD he SHOWN me the content of the parcel?
6. HAD my sister Ann BEGUN her diet a week ago?
7. HAD she THOUGHT a good idea?
8. HAD the postman DELIVERED my letter?
9. HAD he RETIRED from political life?
10. HAD Alice LEFT her bag on a chair?
11. HAD she BOUGHT a new pair of red shoes?
12. HAD we HAD lunch in a restaurant?
13. HAD he DRUNK whisky before dinner?
14. HAD my sister LOST U$S 50 in the street?
15. HAD the children KICKED a ball very hard?
16. HAD my mother RECEIVED a letter from Canada?
17. HAD my father GIVEN me some money?
18. HAD Jenny FINISHED her job at the office?
19. HAD they ENJOYED Roy’s party?
20. HAD pupils LEARNED the English lesson?
ResponderEliminar1. Astronauts had flown through space for hours.
Had astronauts flown through space for hours?
Astronauts hadn't flown through space for hours.
2. They boys had stolen the bicycles.
Had they boys stolen the bicycles?
They boys hadn't stolen the bicycles.
3. They had had a long and uncomfortable trip.
Had they had a long and uncomfortable trip?
They had hadn't a long and uncomfortable trip.
4. The beggar had found five bottles of beer.
Had the beggar found five bottles of beer?
The beggar hadn't found five bottles of beer.
5. He had shown me the content of the parcel.
Had he shown me the content of the parcel?
He hadn't shown me the content of the parcel.
6. My sister Ann had begun her diet a week ago.
Had my sister Ann begun her diet a week ago?
My sister Ann hadn't begun her diet a week ago.
7. She had thought a good idea.
Had she thought a good idea?
She hadn't thought a good idea.
8. The postman had delivered my letter.
Had the postman delivered my letter?
The postman hadn't delivered my letter.
9. He had retired from political life.
Had he retired from political life?
He hadn't retired from political life
10. Alice had left her bag on a chair.
Had Alice left her bag on a chair?
Alice hadn't left her bag on a chair.
11. She had bought a new pair of red shoes.
Had she bought a new pair of red shoes?
She hadn't bought a new pair of red shoes.
12. We had had lunch in a restaurant.
Had we had lunch in a restaurant?
We hadn't had lunch in a restaurant.
13. He had drunk whiskye before dinner.
Had he drunk whiskye before dinner?
He hadn't drunk whiskye before dinner.
14. My sister had lost U$S 50 in the street.
Had my sister lost U$S 50 in the street?
My sister hadn't lost U$S 50 in the street.
15. The children had kicked a ball very hard.
Had the children kicked a ball very hard?
The children hadn't kicked a ball very hard.
16. My mother had received a letter from Canada.
Had my mother received a letter from Canada?
My mother hadn't received a letter from Canada.
17. My father had given me some money.
Had my father given me some money?
My father hadn't given me some money.
18. Jenny had finished her job at the office.
Had Jenny finished her job at the office?
Jenny hadn't finished her job at the office.
19. They had enjoyed Roy's party.
Has they enjoyed Roy's party?
They hadn't enjoyed Roy's party.
20. Pupils had learnt the English lesson.
Had pupils learnt the English lesson?
Pupils hadn't learnt the English lesson.
1.- Astronauts had flown throught space for hours.
ResponderEliminarAstronauts hadn´t flown throught space for hours.
Had astronauts flown throught space for hours?
2. The boys had stolen the bicycles.
The boys hadn´t stolen the bicycles.
Had the boys stolen the bicycles?
3. They had had a long and uncomfortable trip.
They hadn´t had a long and uncomfortable trip.
Had they had a long and uncomfortable trip?
4. The beggar had found five bottles of beer.
The beggar hadn´t found five bottles of beer.
Had the beggar found bottles of beer?
5. He had showed me content of the parcel.
He hadn´t showed me content of the parcel.
Had he showed me content of the parcel?
6. My sister Ann had begun her diet a week ago.
My sister Ann hadn´t begun her diet a week ago.
Had my sister begun her diet a week ago?
7. She had thought a good idea.
She hadn´t thought a good idea.
Had she thought a good idea?
8. The postman had delivered my letter.
The postman hadn´t delivered my letter.
Had the postman delivered my letter?
9. He had retired from political life.
He hadn´t retired from political life.
Had he retired from political life.
10. Alice had left her bag on a chair.
Alice hadn´t left her bag on a chair.
Had Alice left her bag on a chair?
11. She had bought a new pair of red shoes.
She hadn´t bought a new pair of red shoes.
Had she bought a new pair of red shoes?
12. We had had lunch in a restaurant.
We hadn´t had lunch in a restaurant.
Had we had lunch in a restaurant?
13. He had drunk whisky before dinner.
He hadn´t drunk whisky before dinner.
Had he drunk whisky before dinner?
14. My sister had lost U$S 50 in the street.
My sister hadn´t lost U$S 50 in the street.
Had my sister lost U$S 50 in the street?
15. The children had kicked a ball very hard.
The children had kicked a ball very hard.
Had the children kicked a ball very hard?
16. My mother had received a letter from Canada.
My mother hadn´t received a letter from Canada.
Hadmy mother received a letter from Canada?
17. My father had given me some money.
My father hadn´t given me some money.
Had my father given me some money?
18. Jenny had finished her job at the office.
Jenny hadn´t finished her job at the office.
Had Jenny finished her job at the office?
19. They had enjoyed Roy´s party.
They hadn´t enjoyed Roy´s party.
Had they enjoyed Roy´s party?
20. Pupils had learnt the English lessons.
Pupils hadn´t learnt the English lessons.
Had the pupils learnt the English lessons?
1. Astronauts had flown through space for hours. (+)
ResponderEliminarAstronatus hadn´t flown through space for hours. (-)
Had astronatus flown through spaces for hours? (?)
2. The boys had stolen the bicycles.
The boys hadn´t stolen the bicycles.
Had the boys stolen the bicycles?
3. They had had a long and uncomfortable trip.
They hadn´t had a long and uncomfortable trip.
Had they had a long a uncomfortable trip?
4. The beggar had found five bottles of beer.
The beggar hadn´t found five bottles of beer.
Had the beggar found five bottles of beer?
5. He had shown me the content of the parcel.
He hadn´t shown me the content of the parcel.
Had he shown me the content of the parcel?
6. My sister Ann had begun her diet a week ago.
My sister Ann hadn´t begun her diet a week ago.
Had my sister Ann begun her diet a week ago?
7. She had thought a good idea.
She hadn´t thought a good idea.
Had she thought a good idea?
8. The postman had delivered my letter.
The postman hadn´t delivered my tetter.
Has the postman delivered my letter?
9. He had retired from political life.
He hadn´t retired from political life.
Has he retired from political life?
10. Alice had left her bag on a chair.
Alice hadn´t left her bag on a chair.
Had Alice left her bag on a chair?
11. She had bought a new pair of red shoes.
She hadn´t bought a new pair of red shoes.
Had she bought a new pair of red shoes?
12. We had had lunch in a restaurant.
We hadn´t had a lunch in a restaurant.
Had we had a lunch in a restaurant?
13. He had drunk whisky before dinner.
He hadn´t drunk whisky before dinner.
Had he drunk whisky before dinner?
14. My sister had lost U$S 50 in the street.
My sister hadn´t lost U$S 50 in the street.
Had my sister lost U$S 50 in the street?
15. The children had kicked a ball very hard.
Had the children kicked a ball very hard?
The children hadn't kicked a ball very hard.
16. My mother had received a letter from Canada.
Had my mother received a letter from Canada?
My mother hadn't received a letter from Canada.
17. My father had given me some money.
Had my father given me some money?
My father hadn't given me some money.
18. Jenny had finished her job at the office.
Had Jenny finished her job at the office?
Jenny hadn't finished her job at the office.
19. They had enjoyed Roy's party.
Has they enjoyed Roy's party?
They hadn't enjoyed Roy's party.
20. Pupils had learnt the English lesson.
Had pupils learnt the English lesson?
Pupils hadn't learnt the English lesson.